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====== Surah (Chapter) ======

Surahs (Singular: **Surah**, (Arabic: سورة (Sūrah) f., (plural سُوَر (suwar))) are the **chapters of the Quran**—similar to chapters in a book—and contain the words that were revealed to the Prophet [[Muhammad]] by [[Allah]].

  *There are **114 Surahs**, each subdivided into **[[Ayah|Ayaat]] (Verses)**.
  *The longest Surah is **Al-Baqara (286 Verses)**, the shortest **Al-Kauthar (3 Verses)**.
  *All Surahs begin with the **Basmala** ("In the name of God...") – **except** Surah 9.

===== Naming and Structure =====

  *Every Surah has at least **one name**, often based on a prominent word within it or the beginning of the Surah.
  *The **order of the verses (Ayat)** within a Surah was determined by **revelation**, according to Islamic consensus.

===== Meccan vs. Medinan Surahs =====

Surahs are distinguished according to the period of their revelation:
  ***Meccan:** Before the **[[Hijra]]** (emigration to Medina).
  ***Medinan:** After the Hijra, even if they were revealed in Mecca.
  ***Mixed:** Surahs with verses from both periods – the predominant number counts here.
Medinan Surahs are usually **longer**.


===== The Surahs of the Quran =====

^ **Nr.** ^ **Arabic** ^ **Transcription** ^ **Link** ^ **English** ^
| | | **DMG** | | |
| 1 | **الفاتحة** | //al-Fātiḥa// | [[al-Fatiha]] | The Opening |
| 2 | **البقرة** | //al-Baqara// | [[al-Baqara]] | The Cow |
| 3 | **آل عمران** | //Āl ʿImrān// | [[Al Imran]] | The Family of Imran |
| 4 | **النّساء** | //an-Nisāʾ// | [[an-Nisa]] | The Women |
| 5 | **المائدة** | //al-Māʾida// | [[al-Maida]] | The Table Spread |
| 6 | **الأنعام** | //al-Anʿām// | [[al-Anam]] | The Cattle |
| 7 | **الأعراف** | //al-Aʿrāf// | [[al-Araf]] | The Heights |
| 8 | **الأنفال** | //al-Anfāl// | [[al-Anfal]] | The Spoils of War |
| 9 | **التوبة** | //at-Tauba// | [[at-Tauba]] | The Repentance |
| 10 | **يونس** | //Yūnus// | [[Yunus]] | Jonah |
| 11 | **هود** | //Hūd// | [[Hud]] | Hud |
| 12 | **يوسف** | //Yūsuf// | [[Yusuf]] | Joseph |
| 13 | **الرّعد** | //ar-Raʿd// | [[ar-Rad]] | The Thunder |
| 14 | **إبراهيم** | //Ibrāhīm// | [[Ibrahim]] | Abraham |
| 15 | **الحجر** | //al-Ḥiǧr// | [[al-Hijr]] | Al-Hijr |
| 16 | **النّحل** | //an-Naḥl// | [[an-Nahl]] | The Bee |
| 17 | **الإسراء** | //al-Isrāʾ// | [[al-Isra]] | The Night Journey |
| 18 | **الكهف** | //al-Kahf// | [[al-Kahf]] | The Cave |
| 19 | **مريم** | //Maryam// | [[Maryam]] | Mary |
| 20 | **طه** | //Ṭā-Hā// | [[Ta-Ha]] | Ta-Ha |
| 21 | **الأنبياء** | //al-Anbiyāʾ// | [[al-Anbiya]] | The Prophets |
| 22 | **الحجّ** | //al-Ḥaǧǧ// | [[al-Hajj]] | The Pilgrimage |
| 23 | **المؤمنون** | //al-Muʾminūn// | [[al-Muminun]] | The Believers |
| 24 | **النّور** | //an-Nūr// | [[an-Nur]] | The Light |
| 25 | **الفرقان** | //al-Furqān// | [[al-Furqan]] | The Criterion |
| 26 | **الشّعراء** | //aš-Šuʿarāʾ// | [[ash-Shuara]] | The Poets |
| 27 | **النّمل** | //an-Naml// | [[an-Naml]] | The Ants |
| 28 | **القصص** | //al-Qaṣaṣ// | [[al-Qasas]] | The Stories |
| 29 | **العنكبوت** | //al-ʿAnkabūt// | [[al-Ankabut]] | The Spider |
| 30 | **الرّوم** | //ar-Rūm// | [[ar-Rum]] | The Romans |
| 31 | **لقمان** | //Luqmān// | [[Luqman]] | Luqman |
| 32 | **السّجدة** | //as-Saǧda// | [[as-Sajda]] | The Prostration |
| 33 | **الأحزاب** | //al-Aḥzāb// | [[al-Ahzab]] | The Confederates |
| 34 | **سبأ** | //Sabaʾ// | [[Saba]] | Sheba |
| 35 | **فاطر** | //Fāṭir// | [[Fatir]] | The Originator |
| 36 | **يس** | //Yā-Sīn// | [[Ya-Sin]] | Ya-Sin |
| 37 | **الصّافات** | //aṣ-Ṣāffāt// | [[as-Saffat]] | Those Ranged in Ranks |
| 38 | **ص** | //Ṣād// | [[Sad]] | Sad |
| 39 | **الزّمر** | //az-Zumar// | [[az-Zumar]] | The Troops |
| 40 | **غافر** | //Ġāfir// | [[Ghafir]] | The Forgiver |
| 41 | **فصّلت** | //Fuṣṣilat// | [[Fussilat]] | Explained in Detail |
| 42 | **الشّورى** | //aš-Šūrā// | [[ash-Shura]] | The Consultation |
| 43 | **الزّخرف** | //az-Zuḫruf// | [[az-Zukhruf]] | The Gold Adornments |
| 44 | **الدّخان** | //ad-Duḫān// | [[ad-Dukhan]] | The Smoke |
| 45 | **الجاثية** | //al-Ǧāṯiya// | [[al-Jasiya]] | The Kneeling |
| 46 | **الأحقاف** | //al-Aḥqāf// | [[al-Ahqaf]] | The Sand Dunes |
| 47 | **محمّد** | //Muḥammad// | [[Surah Muhammad|Muhammad]] | Muhammad |
| 48 | **الفتح** | //al-Fatḥ// | [[al-Fath]] | The Victory |
| 49 | **الحجرات** | //al-Ḥuǧurāt// | [[al-Hujurat]] | The Rooms |
| 50 | **ق** | //Qāf// | [[Qaf]] | Qaf |
| 51 | **الذّاريات** | //aḏ-Ḏāriyāt// | [[adh-Dhariyat]] | The Winnowing Winds |
| 52 | **الطّور** | //at-Tūr// | [[at-Tur]] | The Mount |
| 53 | **النّجم** | //an-Nağm// | [[an-Najm]] | The Star |
| 54 | **القمر** | //al-Qamar// | [[al-Qamar]] | The Moon |
| 55 | **الرّحمن** | //ar-Raḥmān// | [[ar-Rahman]] | The Most Gracious |
| 56 | **الواقعة** | //al-Wāqiʿa// | [[al-Waqia]] | The Event |
| 57 | **الحديد** | //al-Ḥadīd// | [[al-Hadid]] | The Iron |
| 58 | **المجادلة** | //al-Muǧādala// | [[al-Mujadala]] | The Pleading Woman |
| 59 | **الحشر** | //al-Ḥašr// | [[al-Hashr]] | The Exile |
| 60 | **الممتحنة** | //al-Mumtaḥana// | [[al-Mumtahana]] | The Woman to be Examined |
| 61 | **الصّفّ** | //aṣ-Ṣaff// | [[as-Saff]] | The Ranks |
| 62 | **الجمعة** | //al-Ǧumuʿa// | [[al-Jumua]] | The Friday |
| 63 | **المنافقون** | //al-Munāfiqūn// | [[al-Munafiqun]] | The Hypocrites |
| 64 | **التّغابن** | //at-Taġābun// | [[at-Taghabun]] | The Mutual Disillusion |
| 65 | **الطّلاق** | //aṭ-Ṭalāq// | [[at-Talaq]] | The Divorce |
| 66 | **التّحريم** | //at-Taḥrīm// | [[at-Tahrim]] | The Prohibition |
| 67 | **الملك** | //al-Mulk// | [[al-Mulk]] | The Sovereignty |
| 68 | **القلم** | //al-Qalam// | [[al-Qalam]] | The Pen |
| 69 | **الحآقّة** | //al-Ḥāqqa// | [[al-Haqqa]] | The Inevitable Reality |
| 70 | **المعارج** | //al-Maʿāriǧ// | [[al-Maarij]] | The Ascending Stairways |
| 71 | **المرسلات** | //al-Mursalāt// | [[al-Mursalat]] | The Emissaries |
| 72 | **الجنّ** | //al-Ǧinn// | [[al-Jinn]] | The Jinn |
| 73 | **المزمّل** | //al-Muzzammil// | [[al-Muzammil]] | The Enshrouded One |
| 74 | **المدّثّر** | //al-Mudaṯṯir// | [[al-Muddaththir]] | The Cloaked One |
| 75 | **القيامة** | //al-Qiyāma// | [[al-Qiyama]] | The Resurrection |
| 76 | **الإنسان** | //al-Insān// | [[al-Insan]] | The Man |
| 77 | **المرسلات** | //al-Mursalāt// | [[al-Mursalat]] | The Emissaries |
| 78 | **النّبأ** | //an-Nabaʾ// | [[an-Naba]] | The Tidings |
| 79 | **النّازعات** | //an-Nāziʿāt// | [[an-Naziat]] | Those Who Tear Out |
| 80 | **عبس** | //ʿAbasa// | [[Abasa]] | He Frowned |
| 81 | **التّكوير** | //at-Takwīr// | [[at-Takwir]] | The Overthrowing |
| 82 | **الإنفطار** | //al-Infiṭār// | [[al-Infitar]] | The Cleaving |
| 83 | **المطفّفين** | //al-Muṭaffifīn// | [[al-Mutaffifin]] | The Defrauding |
| 84 | **الإنشقاق** | //al-Inšiqāq// | [[al-Inshiqaq]] | The Sundering |
| 85 | **البروج** | //al-Burūǧ// | [[al-Buruj]] | The Towers |
| 86 | **الطّارق** | //aṭ-Ṭāriq// | [[at-Tariq]] | The Nightcomer |
| 87 | **الأعلى** | //al-Aʿlā// | [[al-Ala]] | The Most High |
| 88 | **الغاشية** | //al-Ġāšiya// | [[al-Ghashiya]] | The Overwhelming |
| 89 | **الفجر** | //al-Faǧr// | [[al-Fajr]] | The Dawn |
| 90 | **البلد** | //al-Balad// | [[al-Balad]] | The City |
| 91 | **الشّمس** | //aš-Šams// | [[ash-Shams]] | The Sun |
| 92 | **الّيل** | //al-Lail// | [[al-Lail]] | The Night |
| 93 | **الضّحى** | //aḍ-Ḍuḥā// | [[ad-Duha]] | The Morning Hours |
| 94 | **الشّرح** | //aš-Šarḥ// | [[ash-Sharh]] | The Relief |
| 95 | **التّين** | //at-Tīn// | [[at-Tin]] | The Fig |
| 96 | **العلق** | //al-ʿAlaq// | [[al-Alaq]] | The Clot |
| 97 | **القدر** | //al-Qadr// | [[al-Qadr]] | The Power |
| 98 | **البيّنة** | //al-Bayyina// | [[al-Bayyina]] | The Clear Proof |
| 99 | **الزّلزلة** | //az-Zalzala// | [[az-Zalzala]] | The Earthquake |
| 100 | **العاديات** | //al-ʿĀdiyāt// | [[al-Adiyat]] | The Racers |
| 101 | **القارعة** | //al-Qāriʿa// | [[al-Qaria]] | The Calamity |
| 102 | **التّكاثر** | //at-Takāṯur// | [[at-Takathur]] | The Rivalry in World Increase |
| 103 | **العصر** | //al-ʿAṣr// | [[al-Asr]] | The Time |
| 104 | **الهمزة** | //al-Humaza// | [[al-Humaza]] | The Slanderer |
| 105 | **الفيل** | //al-Fīl// | [[al-Fil]] | The Elephant |
| 106 | **قريش** | //Quraiš// | [[Quraish]] | Quraysh |
| 107 | **الماعون** | //al-Māʿūn// | [[al-Maun]] | The Small Kindnesses |
| 108 | **الكوثر** | //al-Kauṯar// | [[al-Kauthar]] | Al-Kawthar |
| 109 | **الكافرون** | //al-Kāfirūn// | [[al-Kafirun]] | The Disbelievers |
| 110 | **النّصر** | //an-Naṣr// | [[an-Nasr]] | The Divine Support |
| 111 | **المسد** | //al-Masad// | [[al-Masad]] | The Palm Fibre |
| 112 | **الإخلاص** | //al-Iḫlāṣ// | [[al-Ikhlas]] | The Sincerity |
| 113 | **الفلق** | //al-Falaq// | [[al-Falaq]] | The Daybreak |
| 114 | **النّاس** | //an-Nās// | [[an-Nas]] | The Mankind |